PERAN SMART FARMING, IoT, DAN PERTANIAN PRESISI DALAM MEWUJUDKAN KETAHANAN PANGAN BERKELANJUTAN
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Abstract
Agricultural innovation plays a vital role in ensuring food security and sustainability amidst challenges such as climate change, limited land, and declining agricultural labor. This review article synthesizes findings from ten selected studies published between 2021 and 2025, focusing on the application of modern technologies including smart farming, Internet of Things (IoT), automation, precision agriculture, and controlled environment systems. The analysis highlights how these technologies improve resource efficiency, enhance productivity, and support environmentally sustainable practices. Smart farming and IoT enable real-time monitoring of soil and climate conditions, while automation and precision agriculture contribute to optimizing input use such as water, fertilizer, and pesticides. Moreover, the integration of technology with sustainability principles demonstrates that future agricultural development requires collaboration among academia, industry, and government. Despite significant benefits, challenges remain in terms of high investment costs, limited digital infrastructure, and farmer readiness. Overall, technological innovation emerges as both a technical and social instrument for strengthening national food resilience and promoting sustainable agricultural systems
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